Baird News

Introducing Our Newest Staff Member: Dr. Robert Hume

Dr Robert Hume

Dr. Robert Hume PhD, Senior Postdoctoral Fellow

The Rob Bird Aortic Research Program, Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta.

Growing up in England, I completed my undergraduate and master’s degree in Biomaterial Science and Tissue Engineering at the University of Sheffield, UK. After a short period as a research assistant in Sheffield, I then undertook a PhD in pathology at the University of Cambridge, UK. At this point, I decided it was best I left rainy England and set sights for brighter (and sunnier) pastures. I was then fortunate enough to secure a position as a Postdoctoral Research Associate in Associate Professor Dr James Chong’s Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory at the Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney. During this time, I investigated novel therapeutics to treat heart failure and their underlying mechanisms.

I have recently started a Postdoctoral Fellowship at The Baird Institute within the newly established Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta, headed by Professor Paul Bannon, Dr Sean Lal, and Associate Professor Dr John O’Sullivan. This incredible opportunity will allow me to undertake ground-breaking research into heart failure, cardiac regeneration and diseases of the aorta. My research will focus on tapping into the heart’s ability to regenerate that is supressed in adulthood and using this mechanism to treat the failing heart. I will also be focusing on tissue engineering new aortic tissue with the intention of replacing and repairing diseased aortas. Through high-end laboratory experiments, access to precious human samples and the support of the team around me, high impact publications are on the horizon, which will help shape the future of cardiac and aorta research.

Robert’s 3-year fellowship has been generously funded by the Bird Family.  Rob Bird died of an Aortic Dissection in 20?? and his family have made a commitment to funding aortic disease research at The Baird Institute.  As a result, we have named the aortic research program after Rob Bird.

Shaneel’s Story

Shaneel with his daughter

Rheumatic Heart Disease

I would like to thank The Baird Institute for giving me this opportunity to tell my story, it’s an honour.

I was diagnosed with Rheumatic Heart Disease at the age of 13. It was all very odd how it happened. I remember having a stomach ache that just wouldn’t go away and somehow during all the check-ups and tests, my GP picked up something in my heartbeat which eventually lead to the diagnosis.

The rest of my teenage and young adulthood years was pretty uneventful. I would have my regular yearly check-up with my cardiologist, but otherwise my life was normal; lots of sports, plenty of laughs and good food. My cardiologist did always remind me that my leaky aortic valve would need to be replaced one day. I also knew it was coming but I guess I always thought of it as an “I’ll deal with it when it happens” type of situation.

That day did come eventually in 2011. I still hadn’t felt any symptoms from this condition that I had carried for at least 16 years, but I guess my valve had passed that safe threshold in the eyes of my cardiologist and it was time to operate. The operation itself went smoothly, I know having open heart surgery wasn’t exactly straightforward but from what I could tell, everything went to plan. I now had a new tissue valve which would take me through the next 5-15 years of my life.

Post-surgery I eventually went back to my once-a-year check-up schedule. I got married, had 2 beautiful kids and just carried on like most other people.

Now, fast forward to October 2021 and things started to change.

I knew I was getting older, but this felt a bit different… struggling for breath was not something I was used to, but I ignored it for the first month. As the weeks and months passed by things slowly but surely got worse. Basic everyday tasks just seemed so difficult, and my quality of life was dropping fast. In January 2022, my cardiologist confirmed what I already suspected. The tissue valve that I had received in 2011 was now deteriorating quickly and we had to get it replaced again.

Pre-surgery tests were booked in but I never made it to those appointments. I checked myself into Burwood Emergency department late February 2022 after struggling through a tough 24 hours at home. In hospital I was told that my lungs were full of fluid due to my weak heart valve, and they would basically stabilise me until they could find an operation timeslot at RPA where the surgery had to be done… hopefully within the week. That week was a struggle, the doctors and nurses were fantastic, but I think my heart valve was giving up fast. A week later, I was transported to RPA via an ambulance with lights and sirens. I was told that this trip would take 20 minutes, but it felt like 20 hours! This was the worst I had felt throughout my entire experience thus far. I felt like I was drowning, each breath felt like it was going to be my last.

Once I got to RPA, the ICU team could see that I really wasn’t looking too good. That’s where I first met Dr Plunkett who was the cardiothoracic surgeon on duty. After stabilising me and quickly going through the documentation of the many many tests I had already done over the last week, I was told of the grim reality of my situation by Dr Plunkett. My heart is operating at 20% capacity and the situation isn’t great. The next set of words that he said, I will never forget… “I will do my best to get you out of this situation mate, don’t you worry”.

I wouldn’t be able to have the original open-heart surgery as originally planned as that would more than likely kill me, so Dr Plunkett worked with his colleagues to devise a new plan. They would insert a new tissue value (via keyhole surgery) and basically push out the old tissue valve.

I didn’t know then but apparently this procedure had never been attempted with an existing replacement valve before which is just amazing if I think about it now.

I woke up with the usual tubes and needles which I had experienced all before in 2011 but unbeknown to me, I had actually been in an induced coma for 5 days. As I slowly got to piece together the events after I had been put to sleep, I came to know exactly how lucky I was to be alive. To start off, my body had initially rejected the life support machine, so I went into cardiac arrest. I had to google this term ‘cardiac arrest’ when I was told it, but I don’t think I will ever forget it!

Second term that I had to google was ‘ECMO’. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, a mouthful, but this amazing machine kept me alive and gave my heart and lungs a break. A break that was needed before any surgery could be performed. The rest of the recovery was straightforward, especially in comparison to the events that led up to it. I’m alive and now well, feeling great but also grateful. Things could have been so different, but a combination of great people and world class medical technology is why I’m here today telling my story.

The important research and development done at The Baird Institute will ensure there will be many stories like mine in the days, weeks, and years to come.

Natalie’s Fundraising Efforts

Natalie Zugec City to Surf Fundraising Efforts

City to Surf

Natalie Zugec and her band of family and friends were back at the City to Surf this year after a 3 year hiatus due to the pandemic. At this event each year, Natalie and her team always manage to raise in excess of $2,000 for The Baird Institute in memory of her husband, James Wadland who died of an aortic dissection at the age of 35.

New Board Member for The Baird Institute: Ms Jivani Murugan

Ms Jivani Murugan

Ms Jivani Murugan

BSocSc

We warmly welcome Ms. Jivani Murugan to the Board of The Baird Institute as Non-Executive Director.

Jivani is a Policy Officer employed at the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW. She is a Criminal Justice graduate from Macquarie University and is passionate about reducing health inequities for all communities. Jivani was born with a congenital heart condition and has had three open heart surgeries since her first at 10 days old. Her most recent, at age 23, introduced her to The Baird Institute and Professor Bannon.

Jivani campaigned for our 2021 Mid-year Appeal to fundraise and spread awareness of cardiothoracic surgery. She is an advocate for heart health and uses her position as a patient to raise awareness in the community and continues to showcase how surgery has saved her life. Jivani has enrolled in a Master of Public Health at Macquarie University commencing in 2023.

New Board Member for The Baird Institute: Mr Ross Saunders

Mr Ross Saunders

Mr. Ross Saunders

We warmly welcome Mr. Ross Saunders to the Board of The Baird Institute as Non-Executive Director.

Ross is a business leader based in Sydney and originating from the United Kingdom. He currently runs the Australia & New Zealand operation for a global manufacturer with specialisation in business transformation, governance & compliance, program management, and strategic planning.

With particular interest in organisational transformation, Ross has led business and digital transformation programs across several global and national organisations including RS Group plc, Wesfarmers Industrial & Safety and Essentra plc.

Notably, Ross is also a post-operative recipient of valve-sparing aortic root replacement surgery, provided by Prof. Bannon and his team at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney.

New Board Member for The Baird Institute: Associate Professor Christopher Cao

Associate Professor Christopher Cao

BSc (Med), MBBS (1st Hon), PhD, FRACS

We warmly welcome A/Prof Christopher Cao to the Board of The Baird Institute as Non-Executive Director.

Associate Professor Christopher Cao is a Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Concord Hospital, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Macquarie University Hospital, and Sydney Adventist Hospital.

Christopher graduated with First Class Honours from the University of New South Wales and scored 99/99 in both steps of the United States Medical Licensing Exam. This was followed by a pre-internship at Yale University, USA. After his cardiothoracic surgical training with the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in Sydney, his specialist Fellowship training was completed at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, USA, the world’s oldest and largest private cancer center. He was then invited to be a Faculty Member in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at New York University Medical Center, where he gained additional experience in minimally invasive cardiac surgery as well as heart and lung transplantation.

Associate Professor Cao has authored or co-authored more than 100 articles in high-impact international scientific journals and textbooks. His PhD with Sydney University was focused on the surgical management of pleural and lung cancers. He is the first author in one of the largest international registries on robotic surgery to date. His clinical interests include minimally invasive and robotic thoracic and cardiac surgery.

Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta

Centre for Heart Failure & Diseases of the Aorta

The Baird Institute has partnered with the University of Sydney and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital to establish an exciting new Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta. This new venture aims to make advances in the discovery, diagnosis, and treatment of heart failure and aortic diseases. The Centre’s overarching aim is to accelerate novel discovery to improve outcomes for patients with heart failure and aortic disease.

Led by Professor Paul Bannon, Professor John O’Sullivan, and Dr Sean Lal, the centre will apply its unique resources and expertise to address major unmet needs in these fields. The new Centre has a world-leading bench-to-bedside program that has several unique resources on a global scale: Heart Failure Biopsy Programs not available anywhere else; the World’s Largest Heart Biobank; one of the world’s only Aorta Biobanks; and pre-clinical models of Heart Failure and Aortic Disease.

The Centre has a strong governance structure carefully facilitating the linkage between basic science, clinical translation, consumer outreach, and commercialisation. The Centre has established and leads two active clinical trials in heart failure. It will be in a position to capitalise on opportunities in the emerging biomedical precinct incorporating the Sydney Biomedical Accelerator and Tech Central. These strengths coalesce at a critical juncture and will drive important advances in Heart Failure and Aortic disease and improve patient outcomes.

Remembering Professor Douglas ‘Doug’ Baird, AM

Doug Baird was too young to die. I know that it is seemly to accept the irreversible fact of death. But in Doug’s case it is especially unacceptable. Sweet was his nature and notable his achievements. But his best years lay ahead. It is by the tragedy of his death that we, his family, friends and colleagues come together today to reflect upon his achievements. We honour and celebrate his life. But, inside, I rail against fate’s cruelty. And most of you will do so with me.

I first met Douglas Baird when we were both under-graduates of this University. As often happened, his outstanding intellectual gifts also propelled him into student politics. Formidable indeed, in those days, was the power of organised under-graduate medicine. I sat with Douglas on the Board of the Sydney University Union. True to his egalitarian ideals and the upbringing by his mother he played a leading role in the amalgamation of the Union and the Women’s Union. In the heady debates of student affairs and the tough factional deals common in those far-off days, we forged a friendship that endured through the decades which followed.

His First Class Honours B Sc (Med) and MB BS never went to his head. Yet he was proud of them. And he was deeply hurt when the University first awarded, and then withdrew, the University Medal from him allegedly for a miscalculation. When serving as Fellow of the Senate elected by the Under-graduates, I became his advocate in that cause, as well as his friend. It was to no avail. But that misfortune never warped Doug Baird’s view of the University. He loved this place. It is entirely fitting that we should meet here to remember him. This was a centrepoint of his life, this Great Hall.

After under-graduate days we kept in touch through a would-be “secret society” of ex-student politicians. For me, Douglas Baird never seemed to change. True, the advent of Phillipa and his children, joys of his life, expanded his personal zone from that provided by his loving parents. True his professional accomplishments enlarged his considerable intellectual life. True also his country honoured him for his services to medicine in Australia and overseas. But his basic simplicity of character and loving-kindness remained steadfastly the same, enduring all.

The Sydney University Medical Journal for 1967 describes him when he was President of the Sydney University Medical Society. The anonymous reviewer in that Journal captured some of the paradoxes of his life. He was “forceful but not inflexible”. A man of peace, he nevertheless worked in Vietnam with the Prince Alfred team at the time the review was written. And after surgery, he gave English lessons to local doctors and nurses. The reviewer commented:

“It is characteristic of Doug Baird to fill his time so completely. It is also characteristic of him to undertake something requiring such zeal.”

Ahead of his time, Douglas Baird was noted, even then, as a frequent traveller to Singapore, New Guinea and Vietnam as part of the development of his medical career. Later he was to add India, Malaysia and other lands of our region. He once told me that the heroic surgery into which he was suddenly thrust at an early age, in Vietnam refined, under almost unendurable pressure, his surgical skills which were to become legendary.

That commentator of nearly thirty years ago recorded that he played bad golf and worse squash and tennis. Wise was Doug Baird to turn to creative gardening. Even at the end, he and Phillipa were planning a new garden together.

The writer of 1967 observed that it had been said of him:

“It wouldn’t be Doug without a panic”.

I read that assessment with initial surprise. But then the memories of our youthful endeavours together came flooding back: his urgent interventions in meetings and his sheer determination, persistence and insistence. His panics were, I suspect, very strictly controlled. When action was needed, this was a most resourceful and talented professional man: swift of action and with a steely determination.

I want to speak here for the thousands and thousands of patients of Douglas Baird. When my mother suffered a heart attack a decade ago I contacted him. Within hours he had seen her, reassured her and within days he had operated upon her. I will never forget how, in the middle of the long operation, he came out to reassure my father and me that all was going well. He was a gentle surgeon. He never lost interest in his patients. He understood their anxieties and the fears of their families. What a model he was for the best of medical practice that our country can produce. It is wrong that he will not be there, living into old age to offer his example, his instruction and his inspiration.

But in the extended lives of the multitude of his patients, including my mother and thousands like her, is a love for him, and a gratitude, which is enduring and which I, their surrogate, express on their behalf.

I hope that somewhere in this University, which he loved and served so well, a permanent corner will be found for a fitting memorial to Douglas Baird. Let it be a place of instruction in the Medical Faculty to remind young students of the very best in kindness and skill that this great University can produce. Let it be in the University Union, as an encouragement to the future leaders of our country who sharpen their talents and develop their confidence in student affairs. Let it be in the great hospital associated with the University where, despite the frustrations, Douglas Baird worked in surgery and health administration at the very highest level. Let it be somewhere in the Senate room where he played his part in the governance of the University. Or perhaps in this Great Hall which thirty years ago first resounded to the applause of his high achievements, the promise of which he was to sustain and fulfil in full measure as long as he lived.

Or let it be in a garden of flowers that remind passers-by of a good man, a loving husband, son and father. A fine citizen. A true teacher. An exemplar of all that is best in a profession of faithful service to others.

So, we rage against the dying of the light that has seen Doug Baird taken from us prematurely, painfully and so unfairly. But we, his friends, his patients, his colleagues, the nurses and other staff who worked with him, his fellow citizens, and his family raise our voices in praise of him and all his works.

For every precious day of life that has been given to my family and to countless others, we say our humble thanks. Through those days of so many people and their loved ones, Doug Baird lives on. We are here to mourn him, to give thanks for his life, to praise his memory and to say that we will never forget him.

Memories of Doug Baird

By John Hill, patient of Prof. Doug Baird and Baird Institute Donor

Like many people my first introduction to Dr Baird was in an ICU ward. I was 37, waiting for a spot on the operation schedule for an emergency bypass operation. My father had passed away at 51 so my family were beside themselves with worry.

Doug Baird came in and without lessening the gravity of the situation gave such an air of obvious competence and composure. As long as I gave up smoking, he would proceed and everything would be OK!

It was Ok, I recovered fully and returned to family, friends and work a new man.

I came across Doug Baird in groups we both attended on the North Shore and was aware of his huge involvement with Sydney University where I am an alumnus.  His passing at such a young age was a huge shock.

I had no idea of what he had achieved in so many areas until his memorial service. The Great Hall at Sydney University holds 600 people. It was packed. We are not talking here about a media celebrity or a politician, just an outstanding man who had affected so many people’s lives. Everyone had a story. The extraordinary eulogy from The Hon Michael Kirby really summed up the loss we all felt.

Many thousands of people now undergo heart surgery safely due to the pioneering work done by Doug Baird

9th Annual James Wadland Night of Hearts 2022

The 9th Annual James Wadland Night of Hearts event was held at Jbiel Cuisine Restaurant in Kareela. This annual event is held by Natalie Zugec on the 2nd of April – the birthday of her late husband, James Wadland.

James died from an aortic aneurysm 9 years ago and Natalie has worked tirelessly, since that day, to raise money for The Baird Institute’s heart research program, so that others don’t have to endure what she has had to. The event raised in excess of $8,000 bringing her total raised over her 9 years of fundraising for the Baird Institute to around $150,000. Such a tremendous effort and we thank Natalie for her dedication and support to our cause.

The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Aortic Team

It is fair to say that a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm is a Great Masquerader. It can destroy any vessel to any organ in the body, with a single stroke. Of course, it can cause aortic rupture and death. This is the reason an ‘aneurysm’ has historically been perceived as the ‘old demon’ in the surgical literature.

The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH) is a major referral hospital and is recognised for its excellence and innovation in aortic services.

The RPA aortic surgery program was initially set up by Professor Cliff Hughes, who was one of the first surgeons to do the Bentalls’ procedure in Australia. The aortic program has since been strengthened and expanded under the leadership of Professor Paul Bannon, who is recognized internationally for his surgical expertise in aortic and complex root reconstructive surgery.

Vascular surgeons, Professor Jim May and Dr Jeff White were excellent surgeons and trainers of generations of surgeons in this country, who provided outstanding service at RPAH. They were responsible for the introduction of endovascular surgery in Australia, and both had outstanding international profiles in this discipline.

There has been a tremendous evolution in both cardiac surgery and vascular surgery over the years. There is a greater appreciation now, that when we are talking about treating any complex diseases, we need to get away from defining ourselves by the specialties that we are in, and really direct our focus towards how to treat the patient in the best possible way and to achieve the best patient outcomes.

There has been a trend to subspecialize within both disciplines to focus on “aortic interventions” and the task has fallen on the “Aortic Team” to explore both surgical and endovascular options for our patients in a collegiate multi-disciplinary team (MDT) environment. It really requires this MDT to review these complex cases together. At the MDT meetings, different pathologies such as thoracic or abdominal aortic aneurysms, aortic dissection, aortopathy and graft infection are discussed and various treatment options such as open, hybrid, endovascular and medical therapy are recommended.

With the introduction of endovascular aneurysm repair, using stent grafts has resulted in a major paradigm shift in the field of aortic surgery. It’s true that the technical details and risk profiles vary greatly between the two, but the principles remain the same. A successful aneurysm repair depends on either open replacement or endovascular exclusion, with healthy segments of artery proximal and distal to the repair. In addition, aortic arch and visceral segments and chronic dissections, add layers of technical complexity to aneurysm treatment.

Even though endovascular repair has become the principal way of dealing with most aortic aneurysms, open repair remains an essential treatment in many circumstances. We consider open surgical treatment to be beneficial for those young patients who have good performance status for better long-term outcomes and for treating patients whose aortic disease has genetic causes. Finally, for those patients for whom previous attempts at endovascular repair have failed, surgical approaches to device removal and definitive repair are becoming increasingly necessary.

I had the privilege of learning under the guidance of Professor Aung Oo as his aortic fellow. He is a world-renowned aortic surgeon, particularly known for open thoracoabdominal aortic repair. Prof Oo was originally the head of aortic surgery at the Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital but he moved to St Bart’s, London to set up a second aortic centre in the UK. One of the most important lessons that I have learned from him is that you can certainly succeed with good colleagues and limited resources, but you cannot succeed with poor colleagues and great resources. You never hear him raise his voice and everyone listens to him attentively when he speaks. He recognises the importance of unified teamwork and that the key is to have a shared vision.

Indeed, a big part of this, is to build a team with a purpose and a shared vision.  For us, this shared vision is to establish a thoraco-abdominal aortic (TAAA) program at RPA.

With that in mind, Dr Raffi Qasabian, Dr Stephen Llewellyn, our senior cardiac anesthetist, and I went to Barts Heart Centre, based at St Bartholomew’s Hospital in the City of London, to see how their aortic service operates and functions.  Over the subsequent two years, we also invited Professor Oo to Sydney to guide our RPA Aortic team, as it was very clear to us that the success of a TAAA program is very much dependent on the overall growth of the team.

We have now formed a strong RPA aortic team. The team consists of 2 cardiac surgeons and 3 vascular surgeons, specializing in aortic surgery; 5 cardiac anesthetists/perfusionists, 2 neuromonitoring anesthesiologists, and 2 cardiologists, specializing in aortotopathy and connective tissue disorders. We have monthly aortic MDTs and Marfan clinics. All aortic tissues are stored in the heart bank and we have the largest aortic database with more than 20-year follow up.

Together, not only do we need to train surgeons to master the craft of aortic surgery, but perhaps more importantly, we need to take one step further and train the future generation of surgeons on how to work together throughout their career.

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